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初中英语语法专项练习十四——虚拟语气
1. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______.
A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken
解析：答案为C。本题考查的是as if 引导的让步状语从句中的语气问题，as if引导的状语从句如果与事实一致，不用虚拟语气，如果与事实相反，应用虚拟语气。题中“当铅笔的一部分浸在水中，铅笔看上去好像断了”。而实际上铅笔并未断，与事实相反，前半部分陈述是一般现在时，因而本句是对一般现在时的虚拟，用were broken。
2. I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she ___________, she would have met my brother.
A.has come B.did come C.came D.had come
解析：答案为D。本题考查的是if条件句中的虚拟语气。题意是：我在会议上没看到你姐姐，故你姐姐没来。因此如果“她来了”与事实相反，前面一句交代了虚拟语气的时态是一般过去时的虚拟，所以if从句中用had+过去分词。
3. —If he ___________, he ________that food.
—Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A.was warned; would not take
B.had been warned; would not have taken
C.would be warned; had not taken
D.would have been warned; had not taken
解析：答案为B。本题考查的是条件状语从句与主句表示与事实相反时虚拟语气的用法。根据下一句语境可知，他事先并没有得到警告，表示过去时间的虚拟语气，故选B。
4. If there were no subjunctive, English ______ much easier.
A.will be B.would have been C.could have been D.would be
解析：观察题干，可知全句表达的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故答案为D。
5. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ______ the rules.
A.obeys B.obey C.will obey D.would obey
解析：根据insist后的宾语从句谓语要用(should) do形式规律，可定正确答案是B。
6. I wish I _____ you yesterday.
A.seen B.did see C.had seen D.were to see
解析：此题表与过去事实相反的原望，答案应为C。
7. —— If he _____ , he _____ that food.
—— Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A.was warned;would not take B.had been warned;would not have taken
C.wuld be warned;had not taken D.would have been warned;had not taken
解析：从对话看，是表达与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为B。
8. Without electricity human life _____ quite different today.
A.is B.will be C.would have been D.would be
解析：without引出一个含蓄条件句，主句表述的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为D。
9. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it look as if it _____.
A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken
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