高中英语主要句型2（转自网络）
31.do, did, does 用于强调谓语动词，加强语气
1). He is a good student.--> He does be a good student
2). He helped us yesterday. He did help us yesterday.
3). Be careful! Do be careful!
32.There be 句型：
there be 之后如有几个并列主语，be 动词的选择要取决于第一个主语，即就近原则。
1). There is a pen and two books on the desk.--> There are two books and a pen on the desk.
There be 句型中，be动词还有其他变化形式，常见的有：There seem to be,
There happen to be, There used to be, There is likely to be, There have been/has been 等
1). There seems/ appears to be much hope of our team winning the match.
2). There happened to be nobody in the room when I came in.
3). There have been great changes in my hometown since 1978.
4). There used to be a bus station at the corner of the street.
5). There are likely to be more difficulties than expected while we are carrying out the plan.
There be句型的独立主格结构作状语：（有连词，用句子，没有连词，用独立结构）
1). There being no buses, we had to walk home.
= Because there were no buses, we had to walk home.
2). There having been no rain for a long time, the crops in the field died.
= Because there had been no rain for a long time, the crops in the field died.
There be句型的非谓语形式：
1). I don’t want there to be any misunderstanding between us.
2). We expect there to be a chance of studying abroad.
3). It is usual for there to be a generation gap between parents and children.
33. not/ never ……. until 直到…..才
1). The villagers didn’t realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river.
It was not until all the fish died in the river that the villagers realized how serious the pollution was. (强调句)
Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.（倒装句）
34. not only….. but (also)…..
引导并列结构：主语时，谓语动词与邻近的一个主语保持一致。
1). Not only the teacher but also the students have their eyes examined regularly.
Not only the students but also the teacher has his eyes examined regularly.
2). They suggested we should not only attend the party, but give a performance.
They suggested we should give a performance as well as attend the party
not only….. but (also)…..引导并列句时，not only引导的部分置于句首时要部分倒装
1). Not only was everything he had taken away, but also his German citizenship was taken away.
2). Not only should we students study hard, but also we should know how to enjoy ourselves in our spare time.
35. prefer to do A rather than do B…（两者相比）愿意干A而不愿意干B
== would rather do A than do B
1). I prefer to stay at home rather than go to the park in such weather.
2). Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefer to ride a bicycle.
36.would rather +从句（从句要用虚拟语气，即从句中谓语动词用一般过去式，表示现在或将来的愿望；从句中谓语动词用过去完成时，表示对过去的愿望）
1). I’d rather you posted the letter right now. 我想让你现在就把信寄出去。
2). ---A friend of yours will come to see you today. 你的一位朋友今天要来看你。
--- I’d rather he came here tomorrow. 我倒情愿他明天来。
3). I’d rather you were not a celebrated actor. In that case, we could spend more time together. 我倒情愿你不是什么名演员，这样我们可以有更多的时间在一起。
4). I’d rather I hadn’t seen her yesterday. 我情愿昨天没见到她。
37. 不能用would rather sb. do （更愿让某人干某事）的形式，可转化为would rather have sb do或转化为 would rather +从句
1). Who would you rather _____ with the teacher about the problem?
A. talking B. talk C. have talked D. have talk 答案：D
38. so, neither/ nor 引导得倒装句
表示“另一者也如如此”及前者的情况也适用于后者，用so, neither/ nor 引导得倒装句，助动词的选择依据前一句的谓语动词。
1). He has finished his homework, so have I.
2). My sister prefers coffee, so do I.
3). John can’t ride a bicycle, neither/ nor can I.
4). If he buys the book, so will his classmates.
若前句的谓语动词既有肯定又有否定形式时，或谓语动词不属于一类时，用It is /was the same with sb. 或 So it is/ was with sb.
1). He is a worker and he works hard, so it is with John.
若后一句是对前一句所说的内容表示赞同或认可，则主语和谓语不倒装。
1). ---It is cold today. ---Yes. So it is
2). ---He visited Tokyo last week. --- Yes. So he did.
39. 倍数表达法：
A + 谓语+倍数+the +n.(size/ height/ length……)+of B
A + 谓语+倍数+as + abj. + as B
A + 谓语+倍数+adj. 比较级+than Bà A + 谓语+adj. 比较级+than B+by+倍数
1).This square is twice the size of that one.
à This square is twice as large as that one.
à This square is once larger than that one.
2).This factory produced three times as many cars as they did 10 years ago.
3).He is 3 years older than I-à He is older than I by 3 years
40. sb. spend money/ time on sth.
in doing sth
sb. pay money (to sb) for sth.
sth. cost sb. money/ time
It takes sb. some time to do sth.
1). The time he spends watching TV is as much as he does doing his homework.
2). The mp3. for which he paid only ￥150 proved to be useful.
3). The naughty boy cost his mother many sleepless nights.
41. 当all, each, both, every 基every, each 的复合词语否定词连用时，为部分否定，“并非都….”
1). Not all of them went to the party last night.--> All of them didn’t go to the party last night.
2). Both of the answers are not right.(=Only one of the two answers is right.)
3). We couldn’t eat in the restaurant, because ___ of us had ____ money.
A. all, no B. all, any C. none , any D. none, no 答案：C
42.as/ with表示“随……进展”，as 后面接句子，with后面接短语
1). With the industry developing, the pollution is becoming more and more serious.
As the industry develops, the pollution is becoming more and more serious.
43.Only if 与If only
Only if=if, 引导条件状语从句
1). Only if I lend you a hand? ---I’m sure I can finish it on time.
If only = How I wish…., 引导的句子用虚拟语气，表示难以实现的愿望
If only = How I wish 主语+情态动词+V.（谓语动词的动作在wish之后进行）
主语+动词的一般过去式（谓语动词的动作与wish同时进行）
主语+had done（谓语动词的动作在wish之前进行）
1). If only we didn’t have so many examines!
2). If only he could come tomorrow!
3). If only I hadn’t made so many mistakes !
3). He couldn’t work out a single problem when he was in the exam. hall. How he wished he knew all the answer!
He couldn’t work out a single problem when he was in the exam. hall. How he wished he
had studied hard before!
44. with 的复合结构（作状语或作定语）
with+ n. +n. (with可以省略)
1). The workforce is made up of 400 workers, (with )most of them women.(=most of whom are women./ and most of them are women.)
with+ n. +adj. (with可以省略)
1).(With) the street wet and slippery, we had to ride our bikes slowly and carefully.
Because the street were wet and slippery, ……….
2). The students were listening to the teacher, (with)their eyes wide open.
The students were listening to the teacher, and their eyes were wide open.
with+ n. +adv. (with可以省略)
1). He put on his coat hurriedly, (with) the wrong side out
with+ n. +prep-phrase (with可以省略)
1). The old man was seated in the sofa, (with) a pipe in his mouth.(Also: pipe in mouth)
with+ n.+ to do/ to be done （动词不定式的动作还未进行）
with+ n.+ doing/ being done （动词不定式的动作正在进行）
with+ n.+ done （动词不定式的动作已经完成或指n. 所处的状态）
1). With so many problems to settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard year.
2). He was lying in bed, with his eyes fixed on the ceiling
3). With the temple being repaired, we can’t visited it.
45. 以here, there, in, out, up, down等副词开头的倒装句(多用一般现在时表示正在进行的动作。)
1). Here comes the bus! (=The bus is coming here! )
2). Away he went. 他走远了（若主语是代词则主语与谓语不倒装）
46. 方位状语位于句首时的倒装句
1). In front of the house stopped a police car.
2).Under the tree sat a boy, with a book in his hand.
47. 具有否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时句子要部分倒装。常用的此有：little, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, no sooner, in no time, by no means, in no case 等
1). Not a single mistake did he make in the exam.
2). In no time did the man realize what was happening.
3).In no case can you tell him the truth.
4). Hardly had the train left when he remembered he had left his suitcase on it.
No sooner had the train left than he remembered he had left his suitcase on it.
48.the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, on doing…表示“一….就”
1). On arriving (his arrival )at the airport, he was surrounded by the reporters .
2). ---Have you give John the book? ---Yes, the moment I saw him.
49. rather than
1).It is better to ask for help at the beginning rather than to wait until a busy period when everyone is rushed off their feet.
2).It is the boss who is to blame rather than the workers.
50. while/ but ：while侧重两者之间的对比，but 多指一件事的两个对立面。
1). He likes listening to music while I like watching TV.
2). I badly wanted that book, but I haven’t enough money.
51. only to do 作结果状语，多用来表示出人意料、结局令人沮丧的结果。动词多是终结性的词，如：find, learn, to be told, to be caught等
1). His father disappeared, never to heard from again.
2). He hurried to his office, only to be told that he was dismissed.
52.one moment…… and now…….刚才还…….现在却……
1). One moment the two boys were playing, and now they are quarrelling.
2). One moment it was fine, and now it is raining.
53. of +n. 表示某物具备某种性质或特征
1). New Zealand wine is of high quality and is sold all over the world.
2). They are of the same height.
3). Coins are of different sizes, weights, shapes and of different metals.
4). Sports and games are of great value for children’s study.
54.only +状语的结构放在句首，主句要部分倒装
1). The teacher told me that only in that way, could I learn English well.
2). I received my mother’s call at 11a.m., only then did I remember it was my birthday today.
55. What do you think of……? （这三个句式用来询问某人对某个事物的评价或看法，
How do you find……? 其回答应该是评价性的话语）
How do you like…..?
1). ---How do you find the film last night?
---I have never seen a worse one before.
56. What is/was………like? 用来询问人或事物的特征或本质
1). ---What is your mother like?
---She is a very nice person./ She is very beautiful./ She looks like her father.
2). ---What is the weather going to be this weekend?
---It is going to be fine.
57.虚拟语气中的重点句型
虚拟语气应用于如下结构中：
（1）一种定语从句：It’s time that+did
（2）两种目的状语从句：
so that/in order that+ can/may/could/might +do
in case\lest\for fear(以防) that+should do
（3）三种随时变化句：
① wish 现在→did/were
if only ＋ 过去→had done
as if/though 将来→could/would do
② would rather＋ 现在/将来→did/were
过去→had done
③ 现在：if+did/were, would+ do
过去：if+had done, would+ have done
将来： did
if+ were to do, would+ do
should do
注意：除了由if引导的虚拟条件句外，还有倒装条件句，即把were、had或should提前；混合时间句，虚实错综句，以及含蓄条件句，即由or, otherwise, with, without, but for来引导的。
（4）四种名词性从句：
①当表语是important, natural, necessary, possible, strange, arranged, decided, demanded, ordered, requested, suggested, surprising, a pity, no woder时，主语从句要用虚拟语气。例：
It’s important that we (should) help each other.
②动词一坚持(insist)，两命令(command, order)，三建议(advise, propose, suggest)，四要求(ask, demand, request, require)后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。例：
He insisted that he (should) be sent to the West.
注：insist(坚持说), suggest(暗示，表明)时，从句应用陈述语气。如：
Her pale face suggested that she was ill.
1). Mother insisted that John (should) go to bed before 9 o’olock.
对比：He insisted that I had taken away his dictionary.（不是建议、要求、命令或主张）
2). His suggestion that Tony (should) be invited to the party was refused.（同位语从句）
对比：His words suggested that he was very angry with me.（不是建议、要求、命令
③idea, plan以及表示“坚持，命令，建议，要求”等动词的同源名词作主语时，表语从句用虚拟语气。例：
My suggestion is that we (should) hold a class meeting.
④idea, plan以及表示“坚持，命令，建议，要求”等动词的同源名词后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。例：
The office gave an order that his soldiers fight back bravely.
If +were/ did (动词过去式)，主语+情态动词（would, could, might, should）+do（用
来表示对现在情况的假设）
1). I don’t have a cellphone. If I had one , it would be convenient for me to contract others.
If +had done (过去完成式)，主语+情态动词（would, could, might, should）+have
done（用来表示对过去情况的假设）
1). If I had gone to the concert, I would have seen the famous singer.
If +were/ did (动词过去式)，主语+情态动词（would, could, might, should）+ do
were to do
should do （用来表示对将来情况的假设）
1). If I were not to take/ should take/ took the exam tomorrow, I would go shopping with you.
虚拟语气条件句的倒装：在虚拟语气条件句中，如果出现助动词were, should, had，
可省略if, 把这些词提到主语前面，变成倒装句。
1). Should he act like that again, he would be fined. If he should act like that again, he would be fined。
Were he to act like that again, he would be fined. If he were to act like that again, he would be fined.
If he acted like that again, he would be fined.（不可以倒装）
2). Had the doctor come in time last night, the boy would have been saved.
If the doctor had come in time last night, the boy would have been saved.
3). If I had time now, I would go to the film with you. （不可以倒装,因为句中的had不是助动词）
But for….--> If it were not for…../ If it hadn’t been for
1). But for the determined captain, all the passengers on board wouldn’t have been saved.
If it hadn’t been for the determined captain, all the passengers on board……
2). But for your rich parents, you wouldn’t live such a easy life.
If it were not for your rich parents, you wouldn’t live such a easy life.
58. taste, smell, look, sound, feel等感官动词作为系动词后面要接adj.作表语。
1). Apple of this kind taste very nice.
2). Smelling nice, this kind of bread sells well.
59.有些动词常用作不及物动词与well或easily连用，表示某物具备的某种特征。常用的词有sell, cut , wash, last, burn等。
1).His latest work sells well
2). Dry wood burns easily.
60.否定词与比较级连用，表达最高级的含义
1).I have never seen a better film.
2).I can’t agree you more. 我非常同意
61.替代句型：英语中为了避免重复，在比较从句中常用一些替代词来代替前文出现过的词。
用助动词代替主句中的有关动词：
1). I earn more than I did in the past.
2). John spends as much time watching TV as he does writing.
3). China is no longer what it was/ used to be.
拥代词代替前文出现过的有关名词：
that 代替指物的单数可数名词或抽象不可数名词，一般是特指的
those 代替指人或指物的复数名词，一般是特指的=the ones
one 代替指人或指物的单数可数名词，一般是泛指的
ones 代替指人或指物的复数名词，一般是泛指的
1). The output of coal this year is twice as much as that of last year.
2). The students in this class are more active than those in that one.
3). A bridge made of steel is stronger than one made of stones.
4). Small bananas usually taste better than bigger ones.
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